This book contains 17 articles in Arabic, 3 in Turkish and 2 in English that emanated from the congress on “Yemen during the Ottoman Era” which was organizedjointlyby the National ArchivesofYemen andIRCICA in December2009.Thecongressdweltupon avarietyof topics rangingfrom statepolicies towards development and administration to cultural, economic and social life and international relations of the Yemen region during the period of Ottoman rule. In addition to presenting research results, the participants also discussed issues of perspective and methodology and underlined the importance of basing their studies on first-hand archive sources to the possible extent.