The Turkish government determined to pursue a neutral policy when the Second World War broke out in 1939. Turkish statesmen used diplomacy as a tool in international relations to maintain their neutrality. Turkey was one of few countries to sign non-aggression pacts both with Axis and Allies during the war. However, the survival of Turkish neutrality is a multifaceted phenomenon that could not be attributed to a single cause or an end.

In addition to the determination of the Turkish government, the United States` entrance into the war and their support of the Turkish government, and international law toward neutral states empowered and enabled the Turkish non-belligerent policy to endure throughout the war. This comprehensive work sheds light on the survival of Turkish neutrality and Turkey-U.S. relations during the war.